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Mari El
The Mari El Republic ((ロシア語:Респу́блика Мари́й Эл), ''Respublika Mariy El''; Meadow Mari: ; Hill Mari: ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). Its capital is the city of Yoshkar-Ola. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the Mari El Republic was 696,459.
==Geography==
The republic is located in the eastern part of the East European Plain of Russia, along and mostly to the north the Volga River. The swampy Mari Depression is in the west of the republic, contrasted by more hilly landscapes in the east where the highest point of the republic (at 〔="SportTourism">Спортивный туризм в Татарстане. (По просторам Марий Эл. Справка о местности. ) 〕) is located. The republic borders with Kirov Oblast in the north and east, the Republic of Tatarstan in the southeast and south, the Chuvash Republic in the south, and with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in the west and north. The are 476 rivers in the republic, with the Volga and its tributaries being the major water arteries. Most rivers are considered to be minor— wide and deep—and usually freeze between mid-November and mid-April. There are over 700 lakes and ponds; many located in the swampy areas and having areas of less than and depths between . Lake Yalchik, occupying , is the largest by area, while Lake Tabashinskoye is the deepest. Swamps cover large areas— and up to —and usually freeze in December. While swamps tend to be shallow, with an average depth of , they are impassable in fall and spring due to flooding.
Climate is moderately continental, with moderately cold and snowy winters and warm and often rainy summers. The average temperatures range from in summer to in winter. November is the windiest month of the year. Annual precipitation varies from .
There are virtually no natural resources of industrial significance in the republic. Other resources include peat, mineral waters, and limestone. About 50% of the republic's territory is forested, although the level of forestation varies significantly from one district to another.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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